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HMS Calliope (1914)
HMS ''Calliope'' was a light cruiser of the Royal Navy under construction at the outbreak of the First World War. Both ''Calliope'' and her sister ship were based on the earlier cruiser . They were effectively test ships for the use of geared turbines which resulted in the one less funnel. They also received slightly thicker armour. They led into the first of the ''Cambrian'' subclass.
==Design==
Eight light cruisers were ordered for the Royal Navy in the 1913 budget. The six ships of the ''Caroline'' class used conventional direct drive turbine engines but ''Calliope'' and ''Caroline'' each had a different engine design using geared reduction to match optimum working speeds of turbines and propellers. This followed experimental designs ordered in 1911 using geared high pressure turbines for the destroyers and and in 1912 using gearing for both high pressure and low pressure turbines in destroyers and .〔Brown p.24-25〕
''Calliope'' was built at HM Dockyard, Chatham, Kent. She was laid down in January 1914, launched on 17 December 1914, and completed in June 1915.
''Calliope'' had four shafts as used in the ''Caroline'' design but unlike the two used in ''Champion''. Gearing increased the efficiency of power transmission to the water so allowed smaller boilers and turbines to be used than otherwise would be the case. Nominal design power for the same target speed was therefore reduced from 40,000 shp in the ''Caroline'' class to 37,500 shp. Propeller speed was 480 rpm.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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